Nowadays the idea of existence of acidophil actinomyces as a microbial community in soil does not raise doubt and they are one of the most important subjects of research. They have proved their own existence by growing in low -pH medium and formation of aerial mycelium and spores. In addition not only neutrophil but also acidophil actinomyces are considered to be the producers of antibacterial agencies and repressors of bacteria and fungi growth. They are famous for their second metabolic product (antibiotic). It has been proved that acidophil strains differ from neutrophil in their antagonistic property in relation to bacteria and fungi. This research compares the number and antagonistic property of neutrophil and acidophil actinomyces, isolated from Azerbaijan’s soil.