Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education
Journal license

Journal

Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education


Volume
& Issue

Volume 12, Issue 3


Published
on

April 5, 2021


Pages

5434-5442


DOI

Article

Triangular Vertex Transform Based Watermarking on Contourlet Coefficients for Improved Robustness


Authors

Reena Thomas* Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Kumaracoil, India
and Sucharitha M Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malla Reddy College of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India


Abstract

A hybrid watermarking scheme based on Triangular Vertex Transform (TVT) and Contourlet coefficients for high robustness is implemented. During watermark embedding, the cover image is first decomposed using Contourlet Transform to obtain high frequency and low frequency coefficients. The lower frequency coefficients are applied with TVT. Then, the W coefficients obtained from TVT are again subdivided. The watermark bit is then embedded on the subdivided coefficients to obtain the watermarked image. Reverse operation is followed in the extraction phase. The performance of this algorithm is evaluated using embedding capacity, Normalized cross correlation (Ncc) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) using standard test images. These evaluation results disclose the domination of proposed scheme over traditional schemes.


Keywords

Contourlet transform, Triangular vertex transform, Watermarking, Robustness, Coefficients, Hybrid watermarking


Citation

Thomas, R. & M, S. (2021). Triangular vertex transform based watermarking on contourlet coefficients for improved robustness. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 12(3), 5434–5442.

Published by: Engineering Journals

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