In order to clarify whether positive thinking training can improve the mental toughness of medical staff and reduce their burnout, this paper used the Chinese Burnout Scale and the Mental Toughness Scale as the research tools, and conducted positive thinking training for a period of seven weeks for six medical staff in a hospital in M city. At the end of the training, the results of the questionnaire survey of the medical staff in terms of mental toughness and burnout were analyzed using the two-pair and two-independent-samples test algorithms. The results showed that the t-means of the five dimensions of “initiative, self-regulation, etc.” in the experimental group were -13.74, -12.11, -15.79, -16.86, and 30.84, respectively, which were highly significant (p=0.000), while the p-values of the control group were 0.2639, 0.0508, 0.0872, 0.0502 and 0.3267), on the other hand, were all greater than 0.05 and all showed non-significant differences. In addition, the post-test scores of mental toughness of medical personnel in both groups were significantly different (p=0.000) compared to the scores before receiving positive thinking training activities, which shows that positive thinking training can significantly improve the mental toughness of medical personnel. In conclusion, positive thinking training can improve the mental toughness of medical personnel and realize the prevention of burnout.