With the rapid development of blockchain technology, it shows great potential in data owner rights protection and digital identity management. In this study, a shared rights protection system for data owners and a digital identity management system were constructed using the blockchain architecture system, combined with cryptography technology. Additionally, the functional module design is implemented for both groups of systems, and the performance of the data owner rights protection system and digital identity management system is verified through simulation experiments. The throughput of the PBFT consensus algorithm used in this paper’s entitlement protection system is 1281, 1319, 1205, 1348, and 1346 in order when the number of nodes is 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50. The entitlement protection system proposed in this paper is tested on trusted preprocessing, audit file encryption, audit cipher uploading, audit cipher downloading, audit file decrypting, and trusted root verification. 150 times with an average time consumption (ms) of 6.50, 460.43, 28.99, 37.43, 240.09, and 6.47, respectively. In addition, the proposed digital identity management system has a less average time consumption for individual credential issuance. The time consumption of this system in the authentication phase is 0~163.71ms faster than the comparison system and it can improve the security of the management system by using multi-signature technique.