With the progress of new computer technology, the field of education is also developing towards digitalization, intelligence, virtualization and networking. This paper builds an intelligent teaching environment for ideological and political education in colleges and universities based on virtual reality and intelligent voice interaction algorithms by using virtual reality technology and classroom voice recognition intelligent algorithms. In the experimental analysis of classroom teacher-student interaction voice emotion, it is found that after the teaching practice through the use of the method proposed in this paper, the overall classroom emotion value P is mostly distributed between [0,2], the classroom as a whole presents a positive and active state, the classroom teacher has a good teaching atmosphere, the students are enthusiastic about attending the class, and classroom pleasantness is sustained for a long time. Behavioral sequence analysis results show that the teacher-student interaction behavior is mainly based on question-answer-feedback, with more interaction occurring in verbal behavior between the teacher and student.