Remote sensing technology is one of the commonly used technical methods in modern geological and mineral exploration and mineral search work. ASTER is selected as the remote sensing data source for the study of this paper, and the sampling multispectral remote sensing data analysis method is used to preprocess the image and eliminate the interference of the weak information. Through the remote sensing alteration information enhancement and extraction methods, the remote sensing data analysis and anomaly information extraction are carried out effectively, and the mineralization law is obtained by combining the collected regional geological information. Empirical analysis shows that the proportion of capital investment in mineral exploration decreases year by year, and by 2023 it will decrease to 6 billion yuan. Compared with ETM, the spatial resolution of the bands of the ASTER data source is higher, and the spatial rate of band 1 and band 3, respectively, reaches 32. In the Hohhotug area, for example, the main mineral-bearing stratum is within the Agulu Gou Formation of the Jaltay Mountain Group.