This paper proposes an innovative strategy for music teaching using digital technology in conjunction with a music theory course. Time domain, frequency domain, and pitch-related features are extracted through audio recognition technology. Using the survey method and experimental method, the music played by students is compared with standard music, and the effect of using Cubase12 music software in the music theory course is discussed in detail. The study shows that Cubase12 music software can recognize the characteristics of the player’s music and visualize the results, and its “Ode to Joy” performance accuracy is 98.2%. Cubase12 music software can effectively improve the students’ test scores and learning effects, and the average score of group A is 7.51% higher than that of group B. More than 50% of the students think that the use of Cubase12 music software can improve their test scores and learning effects. The music theory course with the software was thought to be moderately difficult by more than 50%, and 67.5% considered the course design to be interesting.