Chinese traditional music is a product of the development of national music culture in the long history, condensing the spiritual civilization achievements of the Chinese people. The study proposes a sight-singing and ear-training learning aid system to innovate the inheritance method of traditional music. Meanwhile, drawing on the harmonic peak method and SHS algorithm, the pitch extraction algorithm of MF-SHS is proposed to extract traditional music features, and the DTW algorithm is improved. The experimental results were then analyzed using the MF-SHS-based pitch extraction algorithm and the DTW algorithm. Firstly, the matching effect of music is analyzed using the auxiliary system; secondly, music features are extracted using the MIF-SHS technique; and finally, the auxiliary system is applied to the actual effect. The results show that the sight-singing and ear-training learning aid system proposed in this paper has good music matching effect, and the total F-measure value for 8 pieces of music also reaches 0.93428, which is a good detection effect.