This paper uses a method called “data-driven meta-analysis” to look at the effects of music on physical recovery in a planned way. It does this by looking at statistical tests for publication bias, mean effect sizes, and moderated effects. Music therapy is used as a positive auxiliary treatment recovery means in the experiment and application of volleyball players’ sports physical recovery, and the practical effect of music on physical recovery is analyzed using comparative tests. The results showed that 85.5% of the volleyball players preferred to listen to some slow and soothing music during their fatigue state. The mean effect size of music was g = 0.422, P < 0.001, indicating that it can significantly enhance the physical performance of athletes. All the scores of fatigue showed a significant decrease (P < 0.01) after the music therapy intervention. The experimental results of this paper can provide useful help in recovering volleyball players’ physical performance.