Open education is a form of education based on multiple media resources. The optimization of teaching resource allocation on this form can be achieved through resource sharing and personalized resource recommendations. The study proposes an open education teaching resource sharing method based on blockchain technology, which builds a model from three levels: application layer, contract layer, and data layer, specifies the resource transmission efficiency and channel, and realizes the sharing of teaching resources. It also establishes a personalized recommendation process based on K-Means clustering algorithm to achieve recommendations for open education resources. The sharing model constructed in this paper has high resource uploading efficiency and fast updating speed, and is well received by teachers and students. The recommendation accuracy of the personalized recommendation model is higher than 93.6%, and the recommendation time consumed is lower than 21.8s, which is better than the comparison method, and the application effect is better. After using the resource allocation optimization method above to carry out educational reform, students’ performance has significantly improved, and the teaching reform under this method has been highly evaluated.