This paper uses mathematical-statistical methods to analyze the relationship between Taekwondo and the physical health of college students. In this paper, the movement form of Taekwondo is mapped to a second-order inverted pendulum model. This paper reflects the impact of Taekwondo on college students’ physical and mental health by setting different index parameters. Research shows that college students’ health improves after Taekwondo. After Taekwondo, college students’ psychological emotions are more optimistic. Therefore, this paper concludes that the mathematical and statistical algorithm proposed in this paper can reflect the relationship between Taekwondo and health.