To be able to better improve the professional ability of environmental design students and cultivate applied technical talents, this paper proposes an analysis of the OBE theory for the reform of specialized and deeply integrated environmental design education. By establishing a mathematical model, the database is divided into different classes based on the similarity between data. The error value of the objective function is gradually reduced by repeated iterative operations. The data points are randomly selected to calculate the center distance, and the dense area of the input domain is obtained in the data set obeying Gaussian mixture distribution. Through iteration to find the optimal solution, adjust its speed and position so that the fitness function takes the maximum value. The speed is constantly revised according to its own experience and group information to enhance the global seeking ability, improve the local seeking ability of particles and avoid the oscillation phenomenon, and select the particle with the highest adaptability to calculate its average fluctuation value, to analyze the environmental design education reform under OBE theory. The result analysis shows that the correct rate of the algorithm analysis performance of this paper reaches 90.1%, which ensures more complete and accurate environmental design education data.