Machine vision-based multi-degree-of-freedom laser cladding system integration and process monitoring is an important methods to ensure high-quality laser cladding. In this paper, based on the basic theory of multi-degree of freedom of machine vision, the laser cladding system is redesigned, and the melt pool images during the cladding process are monitored and analyzed. The melt pool image is pre-processed with the help of spatial filtering, and the image is thresholded using the iterative method thresholding to analyze the melt pool image. It is proved that the larger the laser power is, the larger the melt pool area is, and the maximum melt pool area is 60,000 pix when the laser power is 200 W. The maximum melt pool area is achieved when the nozzle tilt angle is 30° and the melt pool area is vertical. The smaller the melting speed, the larger the melting area and the maximum melting pool area is up to 35000pix when the melting speed is 210mm/min. It shows that the integration and process monitoring of the multi-degree-of-freedom laser melting system based on machine vision can reasonably control the process parameters of laser melting and improve the quality of laser melting by real-time monitoring and analysis of the melting pool images.