This paper first uses the big data adaptive learning system to facilitate students’ mastery of knowledge points, improve their learning performance, and stimulate their interest in learning. Then, the practical curriculum of preschool education is realized through curriculum facilities, curriculum objectives, curriculum content, curriculum organization and implementation, and curriculum evaluation. Next, the QFD entity model for quality assurance of preschool education personnel training is established. The realistic basis for the construction of the model is also elaborated, and the conceptual framework of the QFD model for quality assurance of higher education personnel training is proposed and comprehensively analyzed. The results show that the cooperative group learning approach is more favored by students, up to 64.44% in the practical courses. The number of graduates who chose to work in early education and other industries increased by 10%. It shows that improving students’ personal comprehensive quality can adapt to society’s comprehensive demand for professionals.