The cultivation of innovative talents in psychology requires experimental teaching as a key link. Based on the curriculum structure of psychology experimental teaching, this paper extracts the influencing factors of innovative talent cultivation and selects faculty supporting, teaching methods, teaching system, and innovation guarantee system as the antecedent variables of the fsQCA method. The analysis process of fsQCA for experimental teaching of psychology was oriented to achieve the reliability test based on Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, combined with principal component analysis to construct a direct data calibration method, and used the consistency score to test the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The factor loadings of each question item were above 0.62, the mean extracted variance of all variables was above 0.55, and the combined reliability values were all greater than 0.78, indicating that the convergent validity passed the test.