This paper designs a scheme for a nursing professional teaching quality evaluation system, including constructing an evaluation index system and a nursing teaching quality evaluation model based on a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Among them, the establishment of a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model involves the determination of fuzzy operators and the processing of evaluation indexes. Finally, the constructed method was used to conduct a study on evaluating nursing teaching quality in College H for students of different academic years. The results showed that freshman, sophomore, and junior students were inconsistent in all aspects of faculty teaching effectiveness and overall evaluations. The total rating of freshmen was 18.34±0.17. The total rating of sophomores was 20.50±0.15. The total rating of juniors was 23.46±0.12. And 66.7% of the faculty members thought that the quality of nursing teaching at the university was not up to standard. Therefore, this paper provides a valid assessment method for nursing education.