This paper clarifies the relationship between the rule of law education strategy, college students’ legal awareness, and contextual pedagogy and proposes that the teaching decision of contextual pedagogy based on reinforcement learning cultivates college students’ legal awareness. Based on the contextual pedagogy of the rule of law education, it puts forward the teaching strategy of the rule of law in the contextual display from students’ and teachers’ perspectives. Q-learning, two-stage separation and single-stage solving optimal decision function are selected to analyze the learning behavior of college students using the teaching decision of the rule of law education with reinforcement learning, and the analysis of college students’ law consciousness is subdivided into right consciousness and obligation consciousness, rule consciousness and procedure consciousness. College students’ awareness of rights scored 14.56±1.96, awareness of obligations scored 13.06±1.45, awareness of rules scored 18.63±1.85, and awareness of procedures scored 15.26±2.02, which shows that college student’s awareness of the law gradually awakening.