The study of EMG characteristics of high-level distance runners in limb flexion, extension, and their special exercise movements is beneficial to developing competitive distance running sports. In this study, high-level distance runners were used as the research object, and the sEMG test in EMG analysis was used to compare the general distance runners, and the changes of MPF, FC, and IEMG were obtained during the limb flexion, extension, and special exercise movements of high-level distance runners. When the FC was 100Hz, the MPF values of high-level distance runners were 64MV2/Hz, while the MPF values of average-distance runners were 45 MV2/Hz. When the muscle strength reached 50%, the IEMG values of rectus abdominis, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius were 52%, 45 and 56%, respectively, in high-level distance runners, while the IEMG values of average distance runners were 47%, 42%, and 50%, respectively and 50%, respectively. Through the data analysis, the high-level long-distance runners could maintain a higher exercise state and perform at a stable level despite the gradual muscle fatigue, their muscle strength and contraction ability were stronger, and their explosive muscle power and potential were greater than the average long-distance runners.