First, this paper studies the derivation process of the plain Bayesian classification algorithm in big data technology, which is built based on statistics. Then to make up for the feature independence assumption of plain Bayes, the plain Bayesian classification algorithm based on feature weighting is proposed to be optimized mainly by the Laplace algorithm, which improves the classification accuracy to a certain extent. Finally, based on the connotation and characteristics of health culture in Shaanxi, the formation and development of health culture theory in Shaanxi are clarified, and policy suggestions are proposed for the development problems of health culture in Shaanxi and the development level of cultural industry in Shaanxi province. The analysis of the health culture industry in Shaanxi is based on the vegetative Bayesian classification algorithm. The results show that the cultural service industry in Shaanxi Province achieved an output value of 41.309 billion yuan, accounting for 63.9% of the added value of the cultural industry in the province. The cultural manufacturing industry in Shaanxi accounts for a large gap with the national level, with a difference of 19.3 percentage points. This study combines big data technology and the advantages of Shaanxi’s healthy cultural resources to provide reasonable countermeasure suggestions to promote the transformation of Shaanxi from a large cultural province to a strong cultural province.