This paper constructs a Chinese painting color teaching platform based on intelligent image color processing technology. Firstly, the region segmentation method is used to reasonably segment the pixel points according to the similar values of color and texture parameters of the image. Then, the image’s primary color grayscale parameters are fuzzy, detected, equalized, and fused by color difference values. Finally, the gradient optimization algorithm is combined to identify and control the image color parameters. The results show that the highest value of peak signal-to-noise ratio can reach 73.4db for the images processed by the method of this paper, and the mean value of STRESS is kept between 0-10%. The intelligent image color processing technique has been proven to enhance the aesthetics and innovation of Chinese painting colors in students.