This paper first studied the education concept of tailor-made teaching, explored the influence of tailor-made teaching on the cultivation of professional ability, and constructed the talent cultivation model of art majors based on tailor-made teaching. Then, we constructed the influencing factor analysis model, extracted the relevant principal components, calculated the Spearman correlation coefficient, established the multiple linear regression analysis model, estimated the model parameters, and tested the model. Finally, we analyzed the influence of the concept of tailor-made teaching on talent cultivation mode, cultivation effect and cultivation evaluation, and carried out correlation analysis, regression analysis and mediation effect test on the influencing factors. The results show that the mean value of the evaluation of the education model of “tailor-made education” ranges from 3.78 to 4.35, which is at a relatively satisfactory level. The sig value of the relationship between “teaching according to student’s abilities” and the quality of talent training is 0.000, indicating that “teaching according to student’s abilities” has a significant positive effect on the quality of talent training.