The purpose of this paper is to reveal the effects of attachment style quality and psychological resilience on college students’ social anxiety so as to provide new ideas for subsequent research on social anxiety. The study polled 450 college students using the Intimate Relationship Experience Scale, the Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale, and the Interaction Anxiety Scale. It then used statistical analysis to find out how attachment styles and psychological resilience are related in college students. It also looked at how attachment styles and psychological resilience affect social anxiety in college students. According to the findings, there was a significant difference in demographic variables and a significant correlation between attachment style and psychological resilience among college students. The mediating effect of psychological resilience between attachment style and social anxiety was 25.47% of the total effect, and psychological resilience mediated the effect of attachment style on social anxiety among college students.