Cultural construction is an essential and increasingly important part of urban construction. Today’s urban document construction is heavily influenced by ancient poetry, which is one of the best parts of Chinese culture. Based on the realistic value of ancient poetry in urban culture construction, the study constructs an ancient poetry text mining model using the Word2Vec model, keyword word extraction algorithm, and text classification algorithm. Taking Hangzhou as an example, the study conducts text mining and data analysis on ancient poems related to Hangzhou, extracts the elements that are useful for urban culture construction to construct an evaluation index system for urban culture construction, and finally puts forward the corresponding development suggestions based on the results of urban culture construction evaluation. The majority of the landscape words in ancient poems related to Hangzhou are natural, with 7591 natural landscape words appearing and 4516 humanistic landscape words appearing. Excluding the indicator of ecological greening facilities, the indicator of Hangzhou’s urban culture construction with the highest score is natural landscape, with a score of 0.858184, and the lowest score is humanistic landscape, with a score of 0.643769. This shows that Hangzhou’s humanistic landscape construction in urban culture construction is still insufficient, and there is still room for improvement, it is necessary to focus on the enhancement of the humanistic landscape to improve the overall level of urban culture construction. There is still room for improvement.