The development of digitization is soaring and has brought dividends to many industries in China. In this paper, the correlation between digitalization of corporate financial accounting management innovation and corporate performance of Chinese listed companies is explored through a regression model by taking the effect of digitalization of corporate financial accounting management and the time of implementation as the independent variables, and controlling the shareholding structure, corporate development capability, market price, and assets and liabilities as the control variables of the model. Further, based on heterogeneity analysis and robustness tests, we explored the impact of financial management digitization on corporate performance under different property rights. The conclusions we draw are further validated. The results show that the regression coefficient of digital innovation in accounting management and return on net worth is 0.0169, with a significant increase in return on net worth at the 10% level, and the substantial coefficient in digital innovation duration and firm performance is 0.00298, both of which have a considerable contribution. This study can not only promote enterprises to achieve cost reduction and efficiency, but also provide reference for enterprises to implement digital transformation, promote industrial digital transformation, and promote the development of the digital economy.