The application of computer simulation technology can help students understand and learn ideological and political education in depth. This paper puts forward the development path of Civic and Political Education on the basis of computer simulation technology. It correspondingly constructs a computer simulation technology framework centered on students’ digital portraits and virtual scene technology. Sentiment analysis algorithm based on the BERT model and improved FastText text classification algorithm is used to extract the characteristic indexes of Civic and Political courses and realize the construction of digital portraits of Civic and Political courses and students. By adding a Gaussian curvature operator and implementing an edge-splitting strategy to optimize the narrow triangular surface, grid simplification of the QEM algorithm can be achieved to improve the consumption problem of computer scene resources. An experiment is being conducted on the effects of using computer simulation technology in Civic and Political Education at X High School in G City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. Students in the experimental class supported by this technology improved their overall Civics score to 39.7 after the experiment, which was 4.02 higher than that of the control class. The mean values of all dimensions in the Civics knowledge level of the experimental class were higher than those of the control class, except for the dimension of knowledge transfer, which all showed a significant difference (P<0.05). In Civics Teaching Behavior and Ideal Conviction, each index score is greater than 4, indicating good performance in Civics Teaching.