Technological innovation efficiency is an important index to measure the development level of financial enterprises, and scientific and reasonable assessment of technological innovation efficiency is of great significance to play the role of financial enterprises in economic development. The article takes the upstream and downstream financial enterprises in province A as the research object. It proposes the super-efficiency DEA model on the basis of the data envelopment analysis method to measure the technological innovation efficiency of the sample enterprises. On this basis, the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method is utilized to compare group paths in five aspects: digital economy, government subsidies, enterprise scale, profitability, and operational capacity. The results of the study show that the overall consistency of the conditional grouping scheme (H1: 0PER*GOV*DEC*PROF, scheme H2: DEC*SIZE*0PER*GOV, scheme H3: DEC*0PER*GOV) that promotes the technological innovation efficiency of the upstream manufacturing enterprises reaches 0.78, and the total coverage rate reaches 0.51. The conditional grouping scheme (scheme H2: DEC*SIZE*0PER*GOV, scheme H3: DEC*0PER*GOV) that promotes the technological innovation efficiency of the downstream manufacturing enterprises reaches 0.51. The overall consistency of the conditional configuration scheme (Scheme L1: DEC*~SIZE*0PER, Scheme L2: ~SIZE*PROF*~GOV, Scheme L3: DEC*PROF) reaches 0.91, and the total coverage rate reaches 0.45. The research results reveal the differences between the current upstream and downstream technological innovation efficiency and driving paths in the financial industry and have some guiding significance for the choice of paths of the financial industry innovation drive. It has a certain relevance that is guiding.