Construction of Evaluation Indicator System of Festival Tourism Activity Effect Based on FAHP Method

The prevailing research on festival tourism activities remains limited in scope, and the methodologies employed are often flawed, offering little in terms of enhancing operational efficiency for festival tourism operators. This study advances the traditional Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) by incorporating group decision-making to develop a comprehensive evaluation model termed FAHP-FCE. Furthermore, an evaluative index system for assessing the impact of festival tourism activities has been devised, encompassing economic, social, ecological, and cultural dimensions. This framework was applied in a case study conducted in Tourist City A, utilizing a specifically designed questionnaire to gauge the effectiveness of festival tourism activities within the region. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire are substantiated by a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.923 and a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value of 0.925, respectively. The resulting impact scores across the evaluated dimensions—economy (3.96), society (2.87), ecological environment (2.16), and culture (2.62)—reveal that the economic benefits are the most substantial. In contrast, the environmental impacts are the most detrimental in City A. This research not only refines the assessment of environmental impacts but also enriches the methodologies and content of festival tourism effect evaluations, thereby offering fresh perspectives and methods for future inquiries.