Accompanied by the increasing prevalence of sleep disorders among students in colleges and universities, there is an urgent need for colleges and universities to provide a scientific basis and practical guidance for exercise intervention for sleep disorders among students. In this paper, in order to study the relationship between physical exercise and sleep disorder intervention, after analyzing the etiology and pathology of sleep disorders, we first surveyed students of a university in Guangzhou to analyze the differential characteristics of students’ sleep quality under different statistical variables. Then, a logistic linear regression model was established to analyze the influencing factors of college students’ sleep quality by taking the variables with statistically significant results in the one-way analysis as independent variables and college students’ sleep quality as dependent variables. Finally, college students with more serious sleep disorders in the university were subjected to a semester of walking, running, and soccer physical exercise to analyze the role of physical activity in influencing the intervention of sleep disorders in students. It was found that the PSQI scores of the walking group, running group, and soccer group before and after one semester of walking exercise decreased by 2.29, 3.16, and 3.18 points, respectively, and the scores of the rest of the items decreased to different degrees, which reflected the good effect of the physical exercise intervention on the intervention of sleep disorders. Explore the effects of physical exercise intervention on the quality of sleep among college students and provide practical suggestions for improving college students’ sleep quality through exercise.