This paper proposes a new wireless sensor tunnel monitoring system, comprising TAM sensors, a 5G network, a Zigbee network, and a monitoring center, based on the environmental characteristics of construction tunnels. The ZigBee algorithm enables the tunnel monitoring system to achieve real-time monitoring and fast transmission. We conducted detailed testing on the accuracy of the monitoring system, the validity of historical data, the response speed of the blasting control, the displacement, and the positioning accuracy, and analyzed the test results. According to the results, the new wireless sensor tunnel monitoring system has an accuracy rate of 94.79%, and the test value is comparable to the actual value. In the real-time monitoring of the stress of the support structure at the entrance and exit of the highway tunnel, a displacement ductility coefficient of 2.3 indicates the lowest bearing capacity, making it susceptible to damage. The T4 sensor was found to produce a maximum settlement of 1mm in the vertical direction during the highway tunnel blasting test.