The continuous development of the information age promotes the transformation of teaching methods, and the forms of students’ learning and receiving knowledge are also constantly updated. In this paper, virtual reality technology is used to realize the deep integration of traditional culture and ideological and political education from the three aspects of the course: teaching objectives, teaching content and teaching process, and design of a three-dimensional animation classroom. The particle swarm algorithm is used to optimize the acquisition of teaching resources and integrate the best ideological and political education resources that incorporate traditional culture. Through empirical analysis, it was found that 66% of the learners of the teaching resources acquired by the algorithm believed that it stimulated their interest in learning the course, and 68% of the learners believed that it strengthened their understanding and mastery of the knowledge points. Compared with the traditional teaching mode of 3D animation classroom teaching mode based on virtual reality technology, the effect of improving students’ performance in traditional culture and Civics education under the former mode is higher than that of the traditional teaching mode. The teaching experiment demonstrates that the teaching design of this paper is capable of effectively integrating traditional culture with ideological and political education.