Civic and political education is a crucial part of China’s higher education and general education, and the new demands of the era’s development also require us to pay more attention to traditional Chinese culture. The study explores the combination of traditional Chinese culture and civic and political education in colleges and universities through a sound integration mechanism and innovative integration approach. This combination is utilized to create a digital platform and a teaching evaluation model for Civic and Political Education in colleges and universities. By evaluating the teaching quality of the digital platform for Civic and Political Education in colleges and universities and analyzing the teaching effect, the application effect of the digital platform for Civic and Political Education in colleges and universities constructed in this paper is explored. Among the 20 universities in Shanghai that conducted the experiment, the teaching effect of Civic and Political Education in universities that used the digital platform for Civic and Political Education significantly exceeded that of universities that did not adopt the digital platform for Civic and Political Education. The pre-test probability of significance of the experimental group and the control group in the four dimensions of Civic and Political Literacy, Learning Participation, Content Absorption Rate, and Traditional Cultural Identity is greater than 0.05, while the post-test probability of significance is less than 0.05, and the experimental group is significantly higher than the control group in the post-test data of the four dimensions. The digital platform for civic and political education in colleges and universities has achieved excellent teaching effects.