In this paper, the effect of temperature on the extraction efficiency of oil and grease from anaerobically fermented kitchen waste was investigated through the analysis of pilot tests. Based on the results of multifactorial experiments, factors such as solid-liquid ratio and extraction time that affect oil and grease extraction were conditioned by combining the principle of response surface optimization experimental design. The optimal conditions for anaerobic fermentation for extracting kitchen waste oil and grease were obtained through response surface optimization experiments. Using the microwave-assisted solvent method, the effects of solvent type, extraction method, microwave power, temperature, time, and solid-liquid ratio on the oil and fat yield were investigated, and the experimental model was obtained by using the response surface. It was found that the extraction time (50 min), extraction temperature (110 ℃~130 ℃), and solid-liquid ratio (1:15 (mL/g)) had a greater effect on the oil yield. The experimental values basically coincided with the predicted values of the model, indicating that the model is real and reliable and can well predict the extraction efficiency of high-temperature anaerobic fermentation on kitchen waste oil and grease.