This study explores enterprises’ supplier concentration path dependence in the Internet era and its impact on enterprise performance, and analyzes enterprise coping strategies to optimize supply chain management and enhance enterprise competitiveness. The research method adopts principal component analysis and Tobit model, and selects the data of 100 listed enterprises in the manufacturing industry from 2015 to 2020. The results show that supplier concentration positively correlates with enterprise performance, in which the mean value of supplier concentration is 0.58 and the correlation coefficient with enterprise performance is 0.35. In addition, control variables such as enterprise size and investment opportunities also significantly impact enterprise performance. The conclusion states that the path dependence of supplier concentration positively affects enterprise performance, and enterprises should respond to it by optimizing supply chain management and establishing an internal control system. This provides a new perspective for enterprise supply chain management in the Internet era.