The basic composition of plant communities is an important part of the landscape, and good plant community design can effectively enhance the ecological benefits of the landscape. The article selects four sites in Xining City and Gerga Village of Guide County, Qinghai Province, as research objects and designs the relevant image factors of plant landscape design based on the whole life cycle of plant landscape and carbon sequestration benefits. The evaluation and analysis of plant configuration in the study area were carried out using the beauty degree evaluation method and semantic difference method, and the measurement was carried out for the ecological benefits of plant configuration. The mean value of SBE of plant configuration in the study area was around 0.05 points, and the mean values of SD scores of 12 plant landscape image factors were distributed between [0.507,1.293] points. The maximum carbon sequestration benefit of Qinghai spruce could reach 178.35kg·a−1, which was 72.82% higher than the extreme value of scrub with the lowest carbon sequestration benefit. The mean value of carbon sequestration per unit leaf area of different types of sequestering plants was 14.09g·m−2·d−1, and the mean value of oxygen release was 7.99g·m−2·d−1, respectively, and the value of ecological benefit of purifying the atmosphere produced by landscape plants in 2033 was 2.21 times higher than that in 2023 The value of ecological benefit produced by landscape plants to purify the atmosphere in 2033 was 2.21 times of that in 2023. In the landscape design of Sanxiang in Qinghai Province, it is necessary to pay attention to the spatial location design of plant configuration, and it is also necessary to fully combine trees and shrubs in order to achieve optimal ecological benefits.