Research on structural performance enhancement strategies for lightweight building materials based on topology optimisation

Topology optimization can realize the goals of cost reduction, efficiency, energy saving, and environmental protection by establishing a mathematical model of the structure and optimizing the structural performance of building materials within the range of constraints. In this paper, an optimization algorithm based on topology optimization is designed for the structural performance of lightweight building materials, and the topology optimization objective function and optimization model of the multi-objective optimization problem are established by analyzing the structural stiffness problem, steady state heat conduction problem, and dynamics response problem, respectively. The algorithm is analyzed and applied in practice, and it is found that compared with the baseline model, the algorithm in this paper contains a simpler form, fewer optimization variables, and more number-cutting planes, and the computational efficiency is higher. In the application of performance optimization of L-shaped beam structures and MBB beam structures, the model in this paper performs well in optimizing volume ratio, flexibility, and maximum von Mises stress. The algorithm is effective in maintaining the optimized structure’s proper stiffness, reducing material usage in practical applications, and improving the structural performance of lightweight building materials. The topology optimization algorithm can perform optimization iterations under various stress constraints, resulting in good and cost-effective results upon algorithm completion, as demonstrated in this paper.