Traditional villages are facing many development dilemmas and problems, for this reason, this paper proposes to use hierarchical analysis to study the continuous protection and development of traditional villages in western Yunnan. Combined with China’s national conditions and the actual situation in western Yunnan, it points out the conditions for the contiguous protection and development of traditional villages. According to the principle of evaluation system construction, the evaluation standard system for contiguous protection and development of traditional villages in western Yunnan is determined. To eliminate the influence of indicators on the evaluation results, the relevant indicators are normalized, and the judgment matrix is constructed. Moreover, use the hierarchical analysis method to carry out single sorting and consistency tests on the judgment matrix to derive the weight coefficient of the evaluation index system. Then, a case study was conducted on the continuous protection and development of traditional villages in western Yunnan. The results show that the comprehensive evaluation score of the contiguous protection and development of traditional villages in western Yunnan is 4.08168, which is between excellent and good grades, indicating that the experts maintain a good and positive attitude towards the evaluation of the contiguous protection and development of traditional villages in western Yunnan. This study proposes strategies for protecting and developing traditional villages in southern Anhui, which are conducive to improving the research system for protecting and developing traditional villages.