This paper focuses on analyzing the critical technologies of artificial intelligence technology in the creation and display of art and design teaching in colleges and universities, respectively, using image processing technology, image geometric transformation, and image special effects processing to realize the basic image design of art design, and using head-eye synergistic eye-movement multi-channel interaction and gesture interaction to form an immersive interactive art and design display device. Combined with the radar chart of the acceptance of AI technology in the course teaching, the influencing factors of the three dimensions of cognition, interest and Practice are explored. The OBE concept is introduced to propose a teaching reform program for art and design courses under AI technology. Practical application of the teaching program can improve students’ visual literacy in art and design, and its numerical difference is 0.3254 at the most. Thus, the teaching reform program of art and design courses in colleges and universities based on the OBE concept proposed in this paper is feasible to a certain extent.