Exploring the development of tourism-based urbanization and improving the overall competitiveness of regional tourism is a major initiative to promote the development of tourism in countries in China. In this paper, we take the urbanization pattern of tourism as the background, water yield, soil retention, and habitat quality as the factors, and use a bivariate spatial correlation model to explore the spatiotemporal association between the urbanization pattern of tourism and ecosystem services, so as to provide a reasonable reference for the development of the urbanization pattern of tourism from the perspective of ecosystem services. It was found that the construction of tourism urbanization pattern increased water production and soil retention by 17.07% and 23.08%, respectively, compared with 2000. In addition, habitat quality contained the highest ecological service value of woodland, which provided 81% of water production and 470.79 g·m−2 of carbon storage. Throughout the period, the spatial distribution pattern of soil conservation and habitat quality remained largely unchanged, and the synergistic trade-off relationship between ecosystem services demonstrated spatial heterogeneity. The interaction relationship was dominated by synergistic relationships, with a small number of districts and counties existing as a trade-off. The study measures how ecosystem services change over time and space in Province A. It also explains how trade-offs and synergistic relationships between ecosystem services work. Finally, it gives a good scientific basis for the growth of high-quality ecological services and tourism in a region that is rapidly urbanizing.