The online education model has become an important form of integrated innovation and development of colleges and universities, and how to improve students’ online learning satisfaction through online course design has become a key indicator for evaluating online education. Based on 265 student sample survey data, this paper empirically studies the mechanism of influence of online course design on students’ online learning satisfaction and examines the mediating role of online interaction and the moderating effect of MOOC platform quality. The results show that: Online course design positively affects students’ online learning satisfaction; Online interaction plays a partial mediating role between online course design and online learning satisfaction; The quality of MOOC platform positively moderates the relationship between online course design and online interaction; On this basis, the article puts forward corresponding teaching suggestions, to provide theoretical basis for the development of online education.