The development of artificial intelligence technology has promoted economic development and improved people’s living standards, but it will also cause many risks and uncertainties. The purpose of this paper is to create a reciprocal fairness model for artificial intelligence collaboration and explore the causal relationship and liability allocation in artificial intelligence criminal infringement cases based on Rabin’s theory. Through the Hande formula, the criteria for determining fault in the case, as well as the marginal costs and benefits of the aggressor’s use of AI to commit crimes, are calculated. Finally, based on the theory of behavioral game evolution, this paper discusses the cooperation law of the three parties under the regulation of the Criminal Procedure Law, and discusses the illegal cost of the illegal implementation of artificial intelligence from the amount of compensation. The results show that in 68,535 cases of using AI to commit crimes in 2022, the average compensation is 74,556.87 yuan, indicating that the cost of crime is much lower than the proceeds of crime. The proposed legal regulations and the prevention and control of AI technology risks can be practiced through this study’s practical relevance.