With the transformation of the new medical structure in the new era, the center of gravity of treatment for patients with mental disorders gradually shifted from the hospital to the community. The study randomly divided 70 community hospitalized patients with mental disorders who met the diagnostic criteria into an experimental group and a control group of 35 patients each and treated them with visualization music therapy and traditional spiritual rehabilitation therapy, respectively. At the end of the treatment, the basic characteristics, sleep quality, cognitive function, and related symptoms of the patients with community psychiatric disorders before and after the treatment were analyzed by using independent samples t-test, and the quality of life and intimate adaptability of the patients after community rehabilitation before and after the treatment were also explored. The results showed that there were significant time main effects in depression (F=234.801, P<0.05) and anxiety (F=256.714, F<0.05) symptom scores, and post hoc comparisons revealed significant intergroup differences in posttest depression and anxiety symptom scores between the two groups (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in total quality of life scores (P=0.000<0.05), psychosocial scores (P=0.041<0.05), and an increase in adaptability and intimacy after treatment, but no significant difference was reached.