The advent of cloud computing has fundamentally transformed various business operations, with Human Capital Management (HCM) standing out as a significant beneficiary. Cloud-based HCM solutions offer unparalleled scalability, accessibility, and integration capabilities, enabling organizations to manage their workforce more efficiently and strategically. This paper explores the revolutionary impact of cloud computing on HCM, highlighting key advancements such as enhanced data analytics, improved employee engagement, cost-effectiveness, and support for remote and hybrid work models. Through a comprehensive literature review and analysis of case studies from diverse industries, the study demonstrates how cloud computing facilitates real-time data access, seamless system integration, and the implementation of advanced technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) within HCM frameworks. Additionally, the research addresses challenges associated with cloud-based HCM adoption, including data security, privacy concerns, and change management. Future research directions are proposed to further leverage cloud computing capabilities, emphasizing the integration of emerging technologies and the continuous evolution of cloud-based HCM tools. The findings underscore the pivotal role of cloud computing in enhancing organizational agility, optimizing human capital, and driving sustainable business growth.