The “integration of large, medium and small” of the ideology and politics course is an ideological and political education project that should meet the requirements of the development of the present era. In the context of the new era, the study discusses the integration of Civics and Political Science courses from the perspectives of teachers and students, respectively. Through a questionnaire survey of teachers of Civics and Politics in a certain place, the teaching effectiveness and teaching problems of the integrated construction of Civics and Politics courses are analyzed in depth. Relevant variables are selected and qualitative comparative analysis is utilized to identify the influencing factors of students’ willingness to accept Civics and Political Science courses. On this basis, the strategy of “integration of large, medium and small” is proposed. 48.80% of Civics teachers are generally satisfied with the integrated construction of Civics courses, and most of them still use traditional teaching methods and assessment methods. The paths of students’ high and low willingness to accept the Civics and Political Science course are 3 and 1, respectively, corresponding to 91.7% and 63.5% respectively of the explanation degree. Among them, the quality of content, the method of instruction, and the quality of teachers are the key influencing factors. Civics educators need to comprehensively analyze the content of teaching materials, focus on the integration of course content, optimize the teaching format of Civics courses, improve the assumptions of teaching staff, innovate the teaching evaluation mechanism, and promote the effective articulation of Civics courses in the “integration of large, medium and small schools”.