The current problems of business Japanese language education in colleges and universities include the lack of business knowledge, the lack of students’ initiative, and the unsatisfactory effect of practical exercises due to time and space constraints. Based on this, in the context of the IoT in the era of big data, this paper investigates the current situation, problems and improvement strategies of the curriculum system of business courses in commercial Japanese language colleges and universities through questionnaire surveys and data analysis. The experimental results demonstrate that the highest student satisfaction with this model reached 23%, and the teacher’s teaching efficiency increased by 12% on average; it broadens students’ horizons and ideas, gives full play to students’ subjective initiative, and can enrich teachers’ teaching methods, break through the limitations of time and space, and effectively improve the teaching effect of business Japanese courses.