The melody feature mining of accordion scores is a relatively unpopular research topic. We discuss music’s harmony configuration, chord configuration, and accompaniment configuration based on fractional differential equations. The algorithm builds a model for automatically generating pitch-melody meta-translation tables. At the same time, the automation of essential data acquisition is realized. The study found that when we input a long sequence of pitch values, the excavated melody line The experimental results show that the accordion score of a fractional differential equation can improve the logical rigor and beauty of the melody compared with the Markov composition method.