The academic circles have always been concerned about the employment problem of vocational students. We use the inductive analysis method to obtain vocational students’ innovation and entrepreneurship ability. Then we verified the six aspects of vocational students’ innovation and entrepreneurship ability through the structural equation model. the research shows that entrepreneurial risk perception has a significant negative impact on entrepreneurial intention. Innovation motivation has a significant negative impact on entrepreneurial risk perception. Based on this model, we propose relevant strategies for improving the entrepreneurial ability of vocational students.