Fractional calculus is now widely used in engineering. The complex physical properties are described accurately by using variable-order fractional-order operators. The variable fractional difference model is a powerful mathematical tool. This model is convenient for engineering simulation. This paper mainly investigates the situation of calisthenics in 2 middle schools. Secondly, the fractional differential equation studies the development status of gymnastics in China. This paper comprehensively examines the current situation of calisthenics in students’ cognition of calisthenics. The results show significant obstacles in the development of calisthenics in colleges and universities.