Spinal cord injury is a kind of serious trauma, mostly caused by traffic accidents, falling from height and other causes of structural changes in the spine, resulting in damage or compression of the spinal cord, causing functional disorders of the organs innervated by the spinal cord, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. This paper analyzes the main factors of spinal injury, emphasizes the importance of pre-hospital first aid measures, and proposes pre-hospital first aid principles and technical specifications for spinal injuries. By asking for medical history, physical examination and other measures, the damage pattern of the affected vertebrae and neurological function is comprehensively evaluated, and the spinal cord injury is evaluated by combining X-ray, CT, and MRI techniques. From the three perspectives of medication, non-surgical, and surgical procedures, a comprehensive treatment plan is proposed, and surgery is selected to be performed within 24-72 hours of the occurrence. Different treatment methods are selected based on the level of spinal injury. Considering the long-term stability of the spine, a combined anterior and posterior surgical treatment plan was used, and a clinical analysis was performed. The prognostic influencing factors were analyzed around gender and age. The surgery and post-treatment rehabilitation were evaluated, and postoperative complications were dealt with.