In the context of the artificial intelligence era, the informationized education of Civics in colleges and universities is critical to enhance students’ cognitive ability. This study explores how to optimize the teaching of Civics and Politics and enhance students’ cognitive ability through ADDIE-F model. The purpose of the study is to optimize the teaching of Civics and Politics through the ADDIE-F teaching model, and then enhance students’ cognitive ability. Methodologically, this study adopts the design process of Civics teaching based on ADDIE-F model, and combines clustering and multiple regression models to predict and analyze students’ cognitive ability. The results showed that students in the experimental group performed significantly better than the control group in the three aspects of cognitive ability A, experiential ability B and control ability C, in which the average improvement rate of cognitive ability reached 20%. The conclusion shows that the Civics informatization education model based on the ADDIE-F model can effectively improve students’ cognitive ability, which helps to cultivate students’ comprehensive quality and ideological and moral level.