This study focuses on applying artificial intelligence techniques to virtually simulate the vibration characteristics of the resonance box of a college symphony orchestra to improve the understanding and optimization of the acoustic performance of the instrument. The study uses the finite element method and digital waveguide technology to simulate and analyze the vibration characteristics of the stringed resonating musical instrument, which is realized by the vibration equation of an ideal string and the principle of digital waveguide algorithm. The experimental results show that the applied simulation technique can effectively simulate the vibration characteristics of the resonance box of the musical instrument, such as the ideal string vibration and the cavity coupling effect. In addition, the study involves the mathematical expressions of forced vibration and resonance and the effects of various materials on the modal frequencies of the resonance box. The application of artificial intelligence technology in studying acoustic characteristics of musical instruments significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of simulation. It provides essential theoretical support for the design and production of musical instruments.